Histological Study of the Adrenal Gland Development of the Local Rabbit from One Month to One Year of Age

Abstract

Background and Objective: Two distinct kinds of signaling molecules are found in each of the two embryonic tissues that make up the adrenal gland. One is the steroid hormone-producing outer cortex, which is mesenchymal in origin. The neuroectoderm-derived medulla, which secretes catecholamines, is the other. Therefore, the current study aimed to track the development of the adrenal gland of local rabbits from one month after birth until one year of age using histological studies.

Methods: Using histological studies, the development of the adrenal gland of local rabbits was tracked from one month after birth until one year of age.

Results: The results showed that after one month, the adrenal gland is surrounded by a fibrous capsule composed of elastic yellow-fibers. Spherical epithelial cell clusters, each composed of 6-8 cells with spherical nuclei, form the glomerular zone. Beneath this zone, larger cells with pale cytoplasm and smaller spherical nuclei are found together in the glomerular zone, where they form the fascicular zone. On the other hand, the medulla of the gland contained all the cytoplasmic chromophore cells of the basophilic type, surrounded by large chromophore cells with acidic cytoplasmic pigmentation, with clear cell boundaries.

After three months, the Endocrine cells then divide into bundles or columns of pale pigment, extending toward the medulla of the gland. The reticular zone is classified as a zone containing a number of endocrine cells in a reticular pattern adjacent to the medulla of the gland. The medulla of the adrenal gland in rabbits contained chromaffin aggregates around the central vein with a wide lumen.

After six months, in addition to the presence of clusters of endocrine cells in the form of an arc, forming the arc band. These cells, at their bases, are continuous with the columns of fascicle cells, composed of two rows of adjacent cells, columns in the form of bands, and the presence of nuclei closely packed together.

Conclusions: The histological development of the adrenal gland of local rabbits was tracked from one month after birth until one year of age, demonstrating progressive structural organization of both the cortex and medulla.