A Comparative Anatomical Study of the Female Reproductive System in Local Chickens at Different Ages (2, 4, and 6 Months)

Abstract

This study was conducted at the Animal House, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tikrit. A total of 45 laying hens were used and divided into three groups, each consisting of 15 hens at different ages (2 months, 4 months, and 6 months). The birds were raised under controlled conditions until they reached the target ages. Subsequently, the hens were humanely sacrificed, and the reproductive organs were collected, photographed, and examined to assess anatomical differences.

The study aimed to perform a comparative anatomical evaluation of the female reproductive system in laying hens at various developmental stages. The findings revealed distinct morphological changes, particularly in the ovaries and oviducts. At 6 months of age, significant development in ovarian structure and size was observed compared to the earlier ages (2 and 4 months), corresponding with the onset of sexual maturity and the hens' ability to produce eggs. Additionally, the oviduct showed notable elongation and differentiation of its segments at 6 months, reflecting its full functional development for egg formation and transport.