A comparative study of the use of indomethacin with doxorubicin and their pharmacological effects on the growth and reproduction of breast cancer cells (AMJ13) in vitro study

Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) is the second most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. in  Iraq    it  ranks  the  first among  the  population  and  the  leading  cause  of  cancer related  female  mortality. The purpose of this study is to assess the cytotoxicity of indomethacin and doxorubicin on the breast cancer cell line AMJ13.Additionally, they support how these drugs either promote or discourage cell development or death. Lastly, to research the combined impact of both drugs on cell activity.

The investigation of study made use AMJ13 cell line. The median inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated using the methyl thiazolyltetrazolium test and ranged between 1000, 500, 250, 125, 62.5, and 31.2 µg /ml. The same method was applied to the combination study. The combination index was calculated using the compuSyn software to determine the inhibitor doses that were most effective methods. In treated and untreated breast cancer cell lines, crystal violate morphological alterations and Acridine orange / Propidium iodide apoptosis were used.

AMJ13showed reduction in the proliferation, growth, cell viability, and induced morphological changes and apoptosis. Through apoptosis induction, there were cytotoxic effects of Indomethacin, Doxorubicin and the combination as well. The percentages of AMJ13 cell growth inhibition by Indomethacin concentrations (1000, 500, 250, 125, 62.5, and 31.2 μg/ml) were (41.3%, 33.3%, 19.5%, 7.3%, 4.3%, and 2.3%) respectively. The Median Inhibitory Concentration (IC50) value of Indomethacin ranged (314 to 959.8 μg/ml  is 549 μg/ml). The percentages of AMJ13 cell growth inhibition by Doxorubicin (GI %) were (58.8%, 46.4%, 32.3%, 23.8%, 11.3%, and 0.896%) at each concentration, respectively. The Median Inhibitory Concentration (IC50) value of Doxorubicin ranged (162.2 to 308.3μg/ml is 223.6μg/ml) At each of the aforementioned concentrations. the percentages of co-treatment-induced AMJ13 cell growth inhibition (GI) are (62.2%,37%,28.2%,18.8%,8.7%, and 1.6%), respectively. The CompuSyn Isobologram was employed, and the co-treatment IC50 value.