Pseudomonus aeruginosa as a trigger factor inducing activation of immune cells gene signaling

Abstract

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative bacilli and an opportunistic pathogen capable of invading the host to cause severe, acute, and chronic infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Understanding the host immune response (both innate and adaptive) and elucidating the role of inflammatory biomarkers induced by this bacterium present a major challenge, yet represent a critical step toward overcoming therapeutic difficulties.

Methodology: In this study, cell culture techniques were utilized to investigate the immune response directed against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Immune cells were isolated from the bone marrow of experimental mice. The cell cultures were subsequently divided into two primary groups: the control group (naïve, unactivated cells) and the experimental/disease group (cells challenged and stimulated with bacterial cells). Following incubation, total RNA was extracted and reverse-transcribed into complementary DNA (cDNA) to evaluate the relative gene expression levels of inflammatory biomarkers via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).

Results: The findings demonstrated that the stimulation of bone marrow-derived immune cells by Pseudomonas aeruginosa induced a statistically significant and robust upregulation in the gene expression levels of inflammatory biomarkers. Compared to the unstimulated control group, the gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) increased by ge 20-fold, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) by ge 15-fold, and interleukin-2 (IL-2) by ge 40-fold. Additionally, the results revealed a strong correlative relationship among these three biomarkers in driving inflammatory pathways.

Conclusions: This study concludes that Pseudomonas aeruginosa exerts a potent stimulatory effect on activating intracellular inflammatory signaling pathways within bone marrow-derived immune cells. Based on these data and the established correlation among the investigated biomarkers, the study recommends further comprehensive research to delineate the precise underlying mechanisms. Utilizing these biomarkers as promising therapeutic targets could facilitate the development of novel medical strategies to combat Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections.